Key Characteristics
- Brain vs. Skull Base: While they grow near the brain, skull base tumors are not brain tumors. They do not originate from brain tissue; instead, they grow adjacent to it, potentially causing symptoms by placing pressure on neural structures or the pituitary gland.
- Benign vs. Malignant: A skull base mass is not always cancerous. Many are benign (non-cancerous), though even benign tumors require intervention if they compress critical nerves or arteries.
- Location & Impact: The severity of symptoms is often more dependent on location than size. A small tumor near the carotid artery or optic nerve can be more impactful than a larger mass in a less crowded area.
Surgical Approaches
The choice of procedure depends on the tumor's type—typically categorized as Anterior (front) or Lateral (side)—and its accessibility.
1. Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Surgery This approach uses an endoscope (a thin tube with a high-definition camera) to visualize the tumor through natural openings or tiny incisions.
• Endoscopic Endonasal Approach: Surgeons access the tumor directly through the nose and sinus cavities. This avoids external scarring and minimizes trauma to the brain.
• Technique: Microsurgical instruments are used alongside the camera to resect the mass.
Visualizing Skull Base Anatomy and Access
Symptoms to Monitor Because these tumours grow slowly, symptoms often emerge gradually as they begin to affect bodily functions:
• Vision changes or eye socket pressure.
• Hormonal imbalances (if near the pituitary gland).
• Nasal congestion or persistent sinus issues.
• Hearing loss or balance disturbances.